Mutation Resulting in New Word

• If the mutation produces a new word not previously known

• • This is basically the same as a “typo”
  • A new word is only valid if it has an agreed upon meaning, otherwise it is “nonsense”
  • • “He read the book” -> “He read the sook”
    • What is a “sook”? It has no agreed upon meaning
    • For it to have meaning and lead to a better book, “sook” would have to be added to the dictionary, and many other areas of the book altered to provide a consistent and improved end to end story
  • The biological analogy: the gene coding is altered such that a new type of protein is produced
  • • The body does not know what to do with this protein – it does not have a purpose – it is therefore nonsense and provides no selective advantage
    • For it to have meaning and provide an advantage, the new protein would have to be known to the body as part of an end to end improvement involving many coordinated changes